Geological environment issues and spatial planning countermeasures in the coastal zone of Qingdao City

Full understanding of geological environment issues of coastal zone is related to the safety of lives and properties of local societies, which is of great significance for optimizing urban planning and land development, realizing spatial transformation and upgrading of urban development, and achieving intensive, green, and sustainable development goals. Qingdao is an important coastal central city in China, and is striving to build a globally renowned bay city; however, at present, we are facing certain geological and environmental issues. Therefore, we analyzed the state quo of the research, distribution characteristics, and the causes of geological environmental hazards in the coastal zone of Qingdao City, such as geological disasters (collapse, landslide, debris flow, etc.), adverse geological conditions, sea (salt) water intrusion, coastal erosion, fault and fractures, water resource shortage, and water and soil pollution, for which land space optimization, resilient city construction, ecological city construction, smart city construction, and relevant regulations were performed. The countermeasures and suggestions towards the establishment of the legal and regulation systems were proposed. This study provided reference for urban scientific and standardized spatial planning, and accumulated systematic and scientific geological data for regional economic and social sustainable development in future.