Abstract: The data acquisition technique for single-channel seismic survey was systematicly reviewed in this paper in order to improve the resolution of single-channel seismic profiles and enhance the signal/noise ratio. Based on our experience in practice and sea testing under various boundary conditions, such as different sources, different regional background of noise characteristics and different receiving hydrophones, we proposed a feasible data acquisition system in this paper for single-channel seismic survey. High resolution and high signal/noise ratio may be achieved through the new system.