近年胶州湾海岸带土地利用与土地覆被变化与驱动力

    COASTAL LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES IN THE JIAOZHOU BAY AND DRIVING FORCES

    • 摘要: 土地是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,是不可再生的有限资源和宝贵财富。土地利用/土地覆被变化(land use and cover change)是全球环境变化研究的核心领域,也是"国际地圈与生物圈计划"的核心项目。胶州湾以其独特的自然环境与特征属性为周边地区提供了优越的发展条件,但其有限的土地资源和发展空间也成为本区域可持续发展的制约条件。遥感影像是土地利用数据的主要来源,对其进行了大气校正、DEM合成等预处理,获得了能够满足解译要求的优质工作底图。结合胶州湾海岸带调查成果和胶州湾实际情况,建立了胶州湾海岸带土地利用/覆被的遥感分类系统;在此基础上,运用人机交互的方式对Landsat TM/ETM+影像进行解译,得到胶州湾海岸带2000年及2009年的土地利用数据;利用Arcgis空间分析功能,进行土地利用/覆被变化的动态检测。研究表明:2000-2009年,胶州湾地区土地利用类型变化的主要特征是耕地绝对数量减少,住宅交通运输用地等其他土地利用类型绝对数量增加,耕地主要向住宅交通运输用地转换;其土地利用变化对区域可持续发展的影响可以从对粮食安全、生态环境以及社会经济发展的影响等方面反映出来。今后需要进一步探索可持续发展的土地利用模式,最终实现社会经济与生态环境双赢的区域可持续发展。

       

      Abstract: As the base of human survival, land use and land cover change are the top concerns in the study of global change. The Jiaozhou Bay is excellent in its nature and has great developing potentials, but land resources and developing space are limited, that has become the bottle neck of the sustainable economic development in the region. Remote sensing images are the main data source for land use. This paper deals with the pretreatment of atmosphere correction and DEM synthesis for remote sensing images. Through the treatment, we can obtain a high quality base map to satisfy the requirements of users. Combined with the results of coastal survey in the Jiaozhou Bay, we established a classification system of remote sensing for land use and land cover study. Interpretation was carried out with Landsat TM/ETM + image data through man-computer interaction. As the result, the pictures of land use for the years from 2000 up to 2009 were gained. Then using Arcgis space analysis, we monitored the dynamic change in land use/cover change in the region. Results showed that during the period from 2000~2009, the absolute quantity of farmland had obviously decreased, while the land for residence and transportation increased. Such a change will certainly give impact to food security, ecological environment protection and socio-economic development. There is a need to further explore a sustainable land use mode so as to find a way for rationale use of land and economic development in a win-win manner.

       

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