辽中凹陷北洼斜坡带源汇系统特征及砂体展布样式

    Source to sink system and sand body distribution in the North Sag of Liaozhong Depression, Bohai Sea

    • 摘要: 早期研究认为,渤海海域辽中凹陷北洼沙二段缺乏物源,储层并不发育。近年来,JZ25-C构造区一口探井却钻遇较厚层砂体,总厚度达62.5 m。本文通过轻重矿物对比分析、锆石定年、古地貌恢复、地震相解析等研究方法,明确研究区源汇系统特征与沉积体的匹配关系,厘清了砂体的叠置形态及展布样式。结果表明:研究区发育来自胶辽隆起复州河水系的辫状河三角洲,各沉积朵体源汇匹配关系明确;沉积区的限制性负古地貌和坡折带以及左阶右行走滑断层发育样式控制了辫状河三角洲砂体的沉积卸载以及侧向迁移,构成了横向上沿走滑断层展布,纵向上多期次斜状堆叠的砂体形态。该研究结果揭示,辽中北洼沙二段发育规模性砂体,明确了有利的砂体聚集区,可有效指导该区域的下一步油气勘探评价方向。

       

      Abstract: In the early stages, it was believed that the second member of Shahejie Formation in the North Sag of the Liaozhong Depression in the Bohai Sea lacked sediment sources during depositional period and had poorly developed reservoirs. However, a recent exploration well in the JZ25-C structural area encountered a relatively thick sandbody with a total thickness of 62.5 m. To further clarify the development scale of this sandbody, it is crucial to redefine the source-to-sink system characteristics and the sandbody distribution patterns in the study area. Therefore, we conducted heavy and light mineral comparative analysis, zircon dating, paleogeomorphology restoration, and seismic facies specification, based on which the matching relationship between the source-sink system and sedimentary bodies in the study area was clarified, and the stacking pattern and distribution style of the sand bodies determined. Results indicate that the study area developed braided river delta deposits sourced from the Fuzhou River system in the Jiaoliao Uplift, with well-defined source-to-sink relationships among depositional lobes. The restrictive negative paleogeomorphology and slope break zones in the depositional area, combined with the left-stepping dextral strike-slip fault development patterns, controlled the sedimentary unloading and lateral migration of braided river delta sand bodies. This tectonic-sedimentary setting resulted in the lateral distribution of sand bodies along strike-slip faults in vertical multi-stage oblique stacking. The large-scale sand body development in the Second Member of the Shahejie Formation in the North Sag of the Liaozhong Depression was revealed, and favorable sand body accumulation zones delineated, providing critical geological evidence to effectively guide the next phase of oil and gas exploration evaluation in this region.

       

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