变速成图技术在南海西部地区的应用
VARYING VELOCITY MAPPING TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION TO WESTERN PART OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA
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摘要: 研究区位于珠江口盆地西部珠三A凹陷东部,为低幅背斜构造,发育大倾角正断层,纵横向速度变换较大。以往用偏移速度进行时深转换约束的点阵较大,其精度和密度都不能满足该地区油田进一步开发的需要。运用沿层相干层速度反演方法的变速成图技术,首先对叠后时间偏移解释成果进行空间偏移归位,生成零偏移距时间域层位数据,然后逐层利用叠加速度进行层速度反演及三维空间射线追踪构造变速成图,避免了地层产状复杂地区Dix公式转换带来的误差,将高精度速度场与零偏移距时间域T0值有机结合,进行时深转换建立了高精度的速度场与构造成图。Abstract: The research area is located to the east of ZhusanA depression in the western Pearl River Mouth Basin. It is a low-amplitude anticline with steep extensional faults and characterized by large deference of P and S waves. In previous researches, migration velocity was used for time-depth conversion, but the precision and density are beyond the standard to meet the users' demand from oilfields. The authors applied the mapping technology of varying velocity and velocity inversion to map the area. At first, space migration was carried out for the data after prestacking time migration interpretation and a zero-offset time domain layer data generated. Then stacking velocity was applied to the internal velocity inversion for each layer. The varying velocity structural map was thus compiled with the method of 3D space ray tracing. The methods can avoid the errors caused by Dix formula.