珠江口盆地阳江东凹恩平20/21洼似花状构造控藏作用

    Control of flower-like structures on reservoir in Enping 20/21 Subsag, eastern Yangjiang Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

    • 摘要: 珠江口盆地阳江东凹恩平20/21洼为富生烃洼陷,但对其古近系的勘探因断裂复杂、似花状构造成因与控藏机制不明而尚未突破。本文基于三维地震及钻井等资料,重点研究了该洼似花状构造的演化与控藏作用。结果表明,该构造是在区域应力场顺时针旋转、岩浆底辟及阳江-一统暗沙断裂左行走滑的共同作用下,历经文昌期、恩平期和珠江—韩江期3个阶段而形成。似花状构造控制了多个断块圈闭的形成,其断裂系统具“控运”与“控封”二元性:深切烃源岩的断裂构成优势运移通道,而部分断裂可有效封堵圈闭。“花瓣”区油源断裂较少,且运移能力有限;油气在“花芯”区富集,该部位运移条件好,利于形成大型油藏,因此,靠近“花芯”区的圈闭为古近系油气藏有利勘探目标。

       

      Abstract: The Enping 20/21 Subsag in the Yangjiang Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin is a hydrocarbon-rich kitchen; however, exploration in the Paleogene has not yet achieved breakthroughs due to complex fault systems and unclear understanding of the genesis and reservoir-controlling mechanisms of the flower-like structures. Based on 3D seismic and drilling data, the evolution of the flower-like structures and their role in controlling hydrocarbon accumulation were studied. Results show that the structures were formed through three stages—the Wenchang, Enping, and Zhujiang-Hanjiang periods—under the combined effects of clockwise rotation of the regional stress field, magmatic diapirism, and left-lateral strike-slip along the Yangjiang-Yitong Ansha Fault Zone. The flower-like structures controlled the development of multiple fault-block traps. The fault system played dual roles of hydrocarbon migration and sealing: deep faults cutting into source rocks served as dominant migration pathways, while some other faults sealed effectively the traps. The “petal of the flower” zones contain fewer oil-source faults and have limited migration capacity, whereas “core of the flower” zones have high hydrocarbon concentration and the local migration conditions were favorable for the formation of large-scale reservoirs. Therefore, traps near the “core” zone shall be selected as the most promising exploration targets in the Paleogene of the areas.

       

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