Abstract: To investigate the spatial patterns of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents in soil s and their ecological stoichiometry in the Yellow River Delta wetlands, we analyzed topsoil physicochemical properties, elemental concentrations, and stoichiometric ratios across six distinct habitats: bare tidal flat, breeding ponds, phragmites australis wetlands, tamarix chinensis wetlands, suaeda glauca wetlands, and cultivated lands in the former Yellow River-Diaokou wetland area. Key findings include: ① Soil C and N concentrations exhibited significant habitat-specific variations, ranked as follows: cultivated land ＞ phragmites australis wetland ＞ tamarix chinensis wetland ＞ breeding ponds ＞ bare tidal flat. Cultivated land displayed the highest mean C (6.1 g/kg) and N (1.1 g/kg) concentrations. In contrast, soil P concentrations showed minimal variation across habitats, peaking at 1.03 g/kg. ② Regression analyses revealed stronger correlations between soil C and N compared to C-P and N-P relationships across habitats. ③ Ecological stoichiometric ratios (C:N:P) in these wetlands were significantly lower than those in other typical wetland ecosystems, with soil N/P ratios notably below the average value of China. ④ Environmental drivers differentially influenced elemental distributions: soil C correlated negatively with bulk density, while soil P correlated negatively with moisture content. Both C/P and N/P ratios exhibited inverse relationships with bulk density. These findings highlight that anthropogenic activities, particularly large-scale aquaculture in the Diaokou old channel area after the Yellow River diversion, have altered wetland stoichiometric characteristics and reduced nutrient retention capacity. This study provides critical insights into habitat-specific biogeochemical patterns and their regulatory mechanisms, offering a scientific foundation for wetland conservation and ecological restoration.