Abstract: The buried hill has great exploration value and has become a hot spot of exploration in Bohai Bay in recent years. In order to study the fracture propagation characteristics of metamorphic rocks in Bohai Bay buried hill under stress, this study focuses on the Archean metamorphic rocks from the buried hills in the Jinzhou 25-1 South Oilfield, located in the Bohai Bay Basin. Real-time X-ray CT scanning uniaxial compression tests were employed to analyze the fracture propagation characteristics of different lithologies, and quantitative mineral analyses were conducted on the damaged samples to study the influence of mineral composition on fracture propagation. Results indicate that, under uniaxial compression, vertical high-angle initial cracks oriented at smaller angles relative to the stress direction are more prone to propagation than horizontal initial cracks. The yield deformation stage preceding peak strength emerges as a crucial phase for fracture propagation during specimen loading. Under identical strain conditions, monzogneiss exhibits the most developed fractures, followed by plagiogneiss and migmatite gneiss. The major fractures mostly propagate along minerals and mineral interfaces with low fracture toughness. Additionally, the formation of more weak mineral interfaces (such as those between potassium feldspar-plagioclase and potassium feldspar-biotite) within monzogneiss facilitates fracture development, and the mixed distribution of various minerals with similar contents has a positive impact on fracture propagation. Microfractures can be used as high-quality reservoir space and seepage channel after expansion. The above research results have guiding significance for predicting the development degree of structural fractures in buried hills under lithology control, and have certain reference value for formulating development plan of Jinzhou 25-1 South oilfield.