基于光流矢量行波分离的TTI介质弹性波逆时偏移成像及其在黄海油气田勘探中的应用

    Reverse time migration of elastic wave in TTI medium based on wavefield decomposition using optical flow vector and its application in oil and gas exploration in the Yellow Sea

    • 摘要: 基于TTI介质弹性波方程的逆时偏移在中深部复杂地质构造区域的成像中具有优势,然而,由于TTI介质弹性波逆时偏移基于双程波动方程,在应用互相关成像条件实现成像的过程中,将不可避免地产生大量低波数噪声,降低构造的成像质量。基于Poynting矢量行波分离的互相关成像条件虽可在一定程度上压制低波数噪声,但很难精确的指示波场的传播方向,并且在计算过程中容易出现不稳定现象。本文将光流矢量行波分离应用于TTI介质弹性波逆时偏移中,通过行波分离、互相关成像等处理技术以及加权成像策略,实现了基于光流矢量行波分离的TTI介质逆时偏移成像。该技术在黄海某工区地震数据成像结果显示:光流矢量可更为精确而稳定地实现TTI介质弹性波行波分离,相关加权处理可更为有效地压制低波数噪声,成像质量改善明显,具有广泛的应用前景。

       

      Abstract: Reverse time migration (RTM) based on the elastic wave equation in Tilted Transversely Isotropic (TTI) medium has significant advantages in imaging of middle and deep complicated geological structures. However, TTI RTM, being rooted in a two-way wave equation, inevitably generates substantial low-wavenumber noise when applying cross-correlation imaging conditions. Although the cross-correlation imaging conditions based on the Poynting vector wavefield decomposition can suppress the low-wavenumber noise to a certain extent, it is difficult to accurately indicate the propagation direction of the wave field, and it is easy to appear instability in the calculation process. In this study, we applied the wavefield decomposition technology based on optical flow vector to the TTI medium elastic wave reverse time migration. Based on the optical flow vector, the source wavefields and receiver wavefields could be decomposed clearly. With the cross-correlation imaging conditions and the weighted imaging strategy, the high precision imaging section could be obtained. The processing of the real seismic data from the Yellow Sea area showed that compared to the Poynting vector, the optical flow vector could more accurately and stably achieve the decomposition of elastic waves in TTI medium, based on which the cross-correlation weighted processing of the decomposed section could more effectively suppress low wavenumber noise in the imaging section and improve imaging quality, show wide application prospects of this new technology.

       

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