Abstract: The basic characteristics of gas hydrate, such as its structure type, thermodynamics, dynamics, interface process and surface morphology, are the major topics in gas hydrate research, which founded the cornerstone for the development of the science of natural gas hydrate. In addition, the micro-distribution of gas hydrate in sediments, as the research focus of hydrate reservoir, and its influence on gas seepage are also the basic characteristics of gas hydrate. Based on the published literatures in the past three years, the latest progress in the structural type, thermodynamics and dynamics, interface process, micro-distribution of gas hydrate and its influence on seepage characters are summarized in this paper, aiming to track the frontier of the discipline and comprehensively expounds the latest progress in the related research fields of gas hydrate both at home and abroad. Meanwhile, future direction and trend of the study on basic characteristics of gas hydrate are discussed in this paper, so as to provide a reference for multi-scale and multi-dimensional research on the basic theory of gas hydrate.