渤海海岸线的时空变化

    Spatial and Temporal Changes ofthe Bohai Sea Coastline

    • 摘要: 渤海已成为中国社会经济发展中广受关注的重点区域。通过对比不同时期渤海岸线长度、面积等要素,重点分析了渤海海岸线30年来时空变化特征。研究结果表明,30年间,渤海海岸带岸线以向海扩张为主,海岸线长度总体呈增加趋势,由1986年2 370.82 km到2016年3 437.59 km;人工岸线占比快速增加,其中最多的为围堤岸线;2006—2016年间各岸段终点速率变化最大,天津段和山东段的海岸线一直保持较高的终点变化速率,并以海岸线前进为主要趋势,表明天津、山东的经济活动范围不断向海洋拓展。研究期间,渤海各岸段的岸线利用程度有不同幅度的提高,总体表现为海岸工程建设、围海造地,人类的活动对岸线的影响已经占据主体地位,围海造地是海岸线变迁的主要驱动因素。

       

      Abstract: The Bohai Sea is a key area in China in terms of socio-economic development. In this paper, we studied coastline changes, such as the changes in length and area in different periods for the past 30 years. The results of this study show that over the past 30 years, the coastline of the Bohai Sea was mainly moving towards offshore. The length of the coastline was increasing in general and the total length of the coastline increased from 2 258.81 km in 1960 to 3 437.59 km in 2016. Artificial coastline, in particular the embankment coastline, increases rapidly. The largest changes in the end rate of coastline are found in the period of 2006-2016. The Tianjin section and Shandong section of coastline are the ones which kept highest end point rates in the period of 1986-2016 in a trend of advancing, due to the increase in human activities. Owing to the coastal construction and land reclamation during the studked period, the utilization of coastline in each coast section of the Bohai Sea is also increased tocertain extent. The influence of human activities, in particular land reclamation, played critical rolesin the changes of coastline.

       

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