Abstract: The southern Yellow Sea is located in the area where the Eurasian and Pacific plates interact. Cenozoic tectonic activities are quite active there. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of active faults so as to understand the neotectonic movement of the region for earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation.It is believed that active faults are controlled by deep faults. In order to understand the features of the active faults, this paper accurately calibrated the bottom boundary of the Quaternary with multi-channel seismic imaging processing in addition to new drilling holes. The distribution pattern of the deep faults related active faults in the northwestern Yellow Sea Basin is described and explained. Results show that the distribution of Quaternary active faults are obviously associated with deep faults. According to the analysis of the dynamic mechanism of the active faults, the South Yellow Sea has been affected by a near EW compressive stress field since the Pleistocene, caused by the joint interaction of the Philippine Sea plate, the Indian Ocean plate and the Eurasian plate in the south. The development of active faults and related earthquakes play important roles in the Yellow Sea region.