Abstract: The deficiency of energy supply has made the energy security an increasing concern of the world. As an important non-conventional natural energy source with great potential, the exploration and development of shale gas have attracted the world's attention. This paper presents a preliminary description of the state-of-art status of shale gas exploration and development, as well as related scientific research achievements and successful experiences both at home and abroad. The accumulation and formation process of shale gas and controlling factors are also discussesd, in order to provide the basis for further shale gas exploration and development in China.