Abstract: X-Ray Fluorescence analysis method has been widely applied in geology, environmental sciences, material sciences and metallurgy since last century. The implementation of IODP, that requires quantitative, continuous and high resolution analysis results, has promoted the application of XRF core scanning, which has great advantages in getting fast, non-destructive, continuous and high resolution scanning results. This paper introduces the basic theory, scanning method and influence factors of XRF, and also summarizes some resolutions to minimizes the influences. This paper also discusses the environmental significances of some elements and element ratios in Quaternary sediments including marine sediments, lacustrine sediments, loess, stalagmite and coral reefs, representing the application of the XRF core scanner in the future.